写在前面：

1. 所列词汇中，除特殊标记外，绝大多数来源于大学英语四级（CET-4）考纲词汇，请自行斟酌难度；

2. 所列词汇没有特定的顺序，所以只适合记录学习，不能作为辞书使用；

3. 本文系列是分批发布的，也许一篇内的单词很少，这和我个人的学习进度有关系；

4. 学习近义词的最好方法就是阅读、阅读和阅读，本文仅给出一些启发性的意见，因为大多数区别并不是仅依靠汉语就能说明白的，大量的文本阅读和理解才是你的第一手资料。

5. 所有近义词的词汇解析是仅依靠自身学识和自身能查到的资料再经过个人加工而形成的，不论是个人和网络，难免会有不同程度的错误。因此仅供参考，如有错误，欢迎指出！

封面中插画来源：Pixiv；ID：85927275 [请支持原作者！！！]；图中人物：《轻音少女》 - 中野梓

[partially] [partly]

[被混淆的释义]：部分地

[partially]

[释义解说]

部分地

[词典释义]

[ADV] If something happens or exists partially, it happens or exists to some extent, but not completely. 在一定程度上地

[例句]

Lisa is deaf in one ear and partially blind.

莉萨一只耳朵聋了，并且在一定程度上失明了。

[partly]

[释义解说]

部分地（嗯）

[词典释义]

[ADV] You use partly to indicate that something happens or exists to some extent, but not completely. 在一定程度上

[例句]

It's partly my fault.

在一定程度上是我的错。

[总体辨析与点评]

实际上partially只是比partly更加正式一些。相关网址：https://zh.hinative.com/questions/17854178?utm_content=adjacent_next&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=hinative

[相关图片]

自从被当麻嘴炮之后，大爷的身体就部分残疾了（partly / partially）；《魔法禁书目录》 - 一方通行

[boast] [brag]

[被混淆的释义]：吹嘘、夸耀

[boast]

[释义解说]

夸耀

[词典释义]

[V-T/V-I] If someone boasts about something that they have done or that they own, they talk about it very proudly, in a way that other people may find irritating or offensive. 吹嘘

[例句]

Carol boasted about her costume.

卡罗尔吹嘘着她的戏装。

[brag]

[释义解说]

吹嘘

[词典释义]

[V-T/V-I] If you brag, you say in a very proud way that you have something or have done something. 吹嘘说; 吹嘘（表不满）

[例句]

He'll probably go around bragging to his friends.

他可能会到处去向他的朋友们吹嘘。

[总体辨析与点评]

前者是可能是有正当理由的，客观存在的夸耀，存在“吹”的行为，但是不会“吹大”，是中性的；后者直接被认为是“吹牛”，可能是虚假的，不真实的，往往会有负面情绪存在的。

[相关图片]

如果是以前的话，两者好像都行？对于现在的版本，早都是brag了。；《地下城与勇士》

[smash] [crash] [clash]

[被混淆的释义]：撞

[smash]

[释义解说]

有多种含义：其一是break，其二是我们要说的撞击。

撞碎

[词典释义]

[V-T/V-I] If you smash something or if it smashes, it breaks into many pieces, for example, when it is hit or dropped. 打碎; 破碎

[例句]

Someone smashed a bottle.

有人打碎了一个瓶子。

[crash]

[释义解说]

猛撞

[词典释义]

[N-COUNT] A crash is an accident in which a moving vehicle hits something and is damaged or destroyed. 撞车; 坠机

[例句]

His elder son was killed in a car crash a few years ago.

他大儿子几年前死于一次车祸。

[clash]

[释义解说]

有多种含义：其一是conflict，其二是撞击。

碰撞，冲击

（柯林斯词典无英英释义）

[例句]

Above, where all had been so still, the air was rent with shrieks and the clash of steel.

在上面，一切都是那么寂静，空气中充满了尖叫声和钢铁的碰撞声。

[总体辨析与点评]

对于smash，这强调了某物变成了碎片；对于crash，这强调了力量之大，并且很可能发出了巨响；对于clash，仅仅只是撞击而已，力量不一定很大。

[相关图片]

瓦坎达forever！；《彩虹六号：围攻》 - clash

[permit] [allow]

[被混淆的释义]：允许

[permit]

[释义解说]

允许

[词典释义]

[V-T] If someone permits something, they allow it to happen. If they permit you to do something, they allow you to do it. 允许

[例句]

The guards permitted me to bring my camera and tape recorder.

守卫允许我带上相机和录音机。

[allow]

[释义解说]

让，可以

[词典释义]

[V-T] If someone is allowed to do something, it is all right for them to do it and they will not get into trouble. 允许

[例句]

The children are allowed to watch TV after school.

孩子们被允许在放学后看电视。

[总体辨析与点评]

前者语气强烈，程序严格，存在秩序和规章制度；后者语气较弱，可以理解为不阻止，甚至是let。

[相关图片]

像这个游戏就不能直播（permit），这个是由法规制定的；《彩虹六号：围攻》

[smoke] [smog] [mist] [fog]

[被混淆的释义]：烟雾

[smoke]

[释义解说]

烟

[词典释义]

[N-UNCOUNT] Smoke consists of gas and small bits of solid material that are sent into the air when something burns. 烟

[例句]

A cloud of black smoke blew over the city.

一团黑烟拂过了这座城市。

[smog]

[释义解说]

烟雾（smog = smoke + fog），雾霾

[词典释义]

[N-VAR] Smog is a mixture of fog and smoke which occurs in some busy industrial cities. 烟雾

[例句]

Cars cause pollution, both smog and acid rain.

汽车引起污染，既有烟雾又有酸雨。

[mist]

[释义解说]

雾，霭

[词典释义]

[N-VAR] Mist consists of a large number of tiny drops of water in the air, which make it difficult to see very far. 雾

[例句]

Thick mist made flying impossible.

浓雾使得无法飞行。

[fog]

[释义解说]

雾

[词典释义]

[N-VAR] When there is fog, there are tiny drops of water in the air which form a thick cloud and make it difficult to see things. 雾

[例句]

The crash happened in thick fog.

这次撞车发生在浓雾中。

[总体辨析与点评]

对于smoke，它是由于燃烧等原因产生的一股烟；对于smog，它是smoke和fog的合成词，在今天来讲，它接近于雾霾；对于mist，它指薄雾，强调因为mist的存在而无法观察远处，可以联想miss一词（事实上可能无联系，仅做参考）；对于fog，它是雾，用的频率较高。雾灯，天气预报的雾也是fog，浓度比mist大，可能可以看见水汽的流动，单纯指天气现象。

[相关图片]

山猫会告诉你，这是mist。在战场中，你无法判断远处的动向，而不是气象本身。；《合金装备V：幻痛》 - 骷髅部队

【梓喵的英语学习笔记】英语四级近义词辨析（26）