河童的起源众说纷纭，但都不是空穴来风

There are many opinions about the origin of Kappa, but none of them are groundless

例如来自民间广为流传的稻草人幻化说和木头块幻化说

For example, the widely-spoken tradition of scarecrow and wood block

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稻草人幻化说来自于江户时期的天草地区（注：天草地区位于日本九州熊本县）

Scarecrow tradition comes from Tengusa area in Edo period

Remark：Tengusa area located in Kumamoto Prefecture, Kyushu, Japan

相传一名叫左甚五郎（しゅうらん）的人在修建寺庙时，因为难以在限定的时间内完成

According to legend, when a person named Shuran built a temple, it was difficult to complete in a limited time

便制作了很多稻草人并附以其生命来帮助自己

he made a lot of scarecrows and attached their lives to help himself

在这些稻草人帮忙结束后，便将它们扔入河中

After the help of these scarecrows ended, he threw them into the river

并且很不厚道的说了句“吃屁去吧”（古董渣男？）

And very disgustingly said "Go to the hell"（Antique Unethical Person？）

而这些被遗弃的稻草人因满怀怨恨，最终化为河童祸害一方

And these abandoned scarecrows were full of resentment, and eventually turned into a scourge for the Kappa

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而木头块幻化说则来自于同时期的青森县八户市

Wood Block tradition comes from Hachinohe, Aomori Prefecture, Japan in Edo period

故事主角同样是左甚五郎

The protagonist of the story is also Shuran

这次他负责建造的是一座神殿，在工程结束后

This time he was responsible for building a temple, after the project was completed

他依旧死性不改，把没用完的木头块扔进了河中

He still did not change his life, and threw the unused blocks of wood into the river

并且同样也说了句“吃屁去吧”（什么毛病？）

And also said something that “Go to the hell”（What’s his problem？）

结果呢相信大家也猜到了

I believe everyone guessed it

被遗弃的木头块也因满怀怨恨而幻化成河童祸害他人去了

The abandoned wood block also turned into a Kappa because of resentment and scourge others

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注：传说左甚五郎是活跃与江户时期的雕刻艺人

Remark：Legend has it that Shuran was active as a carving artist during the Edo period

除了民间传说，河童这一名字也出现在了同一时期的书本文字记载中

In addition to folklore, the name Kappa also appeared in the written records of books in the same period

江户时代前期（1697年）的《本朝食鉴》「本朝食鑑」一书里

In the book "Food Archive of Edo period" of the early Edo period (1697)

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注：《本朝食鉴》是一部中医学专著，属于本草类文献。共分十一卷。由日本松村任三（松村れんさん）撰。

Remark："Food Archive of Edo period" is a monograph on traditional Chinese medicine, which belongs to the herbal literature. There are eleven volumes. Written by Ren Matsumura Ren-san of Japan

对“鳖”的解说中出现了如下文字：

The following text appeared in the explanation of " Turtle "

最近，水边出现河童一物，祸害人类，这或许是鳖幻变而成

Recently, a Kappa has appeared near the water, harming mankind, which may be caused by the illusion of the turtle

河童面容丑陋，身形如孩童，肌肤有突起，呈青黄色，头顶有凹陷，常储有水

Kappa has an ugly face, looks like a child, has protruding skin, is blue-yellow, has a depression on the top of his head, and often has water storage

有水时力大无穷难以抑制，无水时可捕获

It is difficult to suppress when there is water, and it can be captured when there is no water

如遇河童应先发制人，挥拳击其头部毙之

If he meets Kappa, he should preemptively strike his head and kill him

西海诸国河童盛行，魅惑人间

The Kappa is popular in the West Sea countries and charms the world

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但当地人认为河童并非鳖之变身，而是水獭，其原形难辨，为数众多

Locals believe that Kappa is not a transformation of a turtle, but an otter, whose original form is difficult to distinguish, but there are many

而更富妖怪色彩的传说则记载与江户时期的京都地方志《出来齐京土产》「出てくる京の特産品」：

The legends with more monster colors are recorded with the local chronicles of Kyoto in the Edo period “Local Products of ChiJing”

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平安时代的阴阳师安倍晴明经常利用式神为其工作

Onmyoji Abenoseimei in Heian times often use Shishen for their work

而这些式神的原形则是安倍制作的人偶

The original form of these gods is a doll made by Abe

但由于安倍的妻子惧怕这些人偶

But because Abe ’s wife is afraid of these dolls

于是他就把人偶们放在了戾桥下

So he put them under the hell bridge

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注：戾桥，指通向鬼门关的桥

Remark：Hell Bridge ，refers to the bridge leading to hell

而这些人偶也逐渐幻化为河童，流传至今

And these puppets gradually evolved into Kappa, which has been circulating to this day

很明显，这些关于河童的早期传说都对当今经典的河童形象产生了深远的影响

Obviously, these early legends about Kappa all have a profound impact on today's classic Kappa image

它那独特的外貌以及喜欢祸害人畜的特性

Its unique appearance and characteristics that like to harm humans and animals

也让对其感兴趣的人们在做研究时有据可循

also allows people who are interested in it to have a basis for doing research

世界妖怪文化探索05——河童02